![]() ![]() He studied ecologically similar species of infusorians. One of the first acceptances of the advantages of polycultures was also obtained by Gause on Paramecium. It appeared in English as an abridged version in USA, and finally published in Russian only in 1984. In another series of experiments with the infusorians Paramecium as prey and Didinium as a predator, imitating periodical migrations, he obtained nearly ideally sinusoidal fluctuations of the abundances in this model, previously modeled only theoretically. The fate of the less efficient species is local extinction. The principle asserts that no two species with similar ecological niches can coexist in a stable equilibrium, meaning that when two species compete for exactly the same requirements, one will be slightly more efficient than the other and will reproduce at a higher rate as a result. Aphoristically, it was formulated as "One niche - one species". In 1932, Gause published what has become known as the competitive exclusion principle, based on experimental work done with mixed cultures of both yeast and Paramecium species. The struggle for existence by competitive exclusion One of the opponents was Vladimir Vernadsky. He earned his DBiolSc in 1936 for the series of works published in 1930-1934 and compiled as a dissertation titled Studies on the dynamics of mixed populations. Gause earned his BSc at Moscow State University in 1931, and was employed in Alpatov's laboratory at the Zoological Institute of Moscow University. In that period Gause was investigating the distribution of Orthoptera in the North Caucasus, quantitatively estimating ecoplastisity of species. Interested in the application of statistics in biosystematics, Smirnov promoted these methods to Gause. The monograph had several editions, and it was also translated in French and Japanese languages.ĭuring Alpatov's stay in the US, Gause was supervised by Evgenii Smirnov. He then published a monograph The Struggle for Existence in 1934 to improve his chances but he was still denied. ![]() He applied for a fellowship through the Rockefeller Foundation but was denied, perhaps because he was only 22 years old. Eager to pursue this mechanistic direction of study and influenced by his advisor, Gause contacted Pearl to see if the American would take on another Russian student. ![]() Gause argued that field work, with too many variables, could never adequately explain this relationship and only in the simplified laboratory environment, where variables could be controlled, would it be possible to determine precisely how a specific ecological factor influences a population. Alpatov brings back a fascination for American science that is very influential on Gause. demographer who became well-known through his advocacy of the logistic curve. Alpatov, in the mid-1920s, was very impressed by the work of Raymond Pearl, a U.S. His chosen advisor for his undergraduate career was professor Vladimir Alpatov, who worked at the Zoological Museum of Moscow University. The Russian university system requires a faculty advisor for all undergraduate and graduate students. In 1927 he was admitted to the Biological Division of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics at Moscow University. He became interested in zoology, particularly the animal variability. It was during these trips to the Caucasus Mountains that Gause grew fond of nature, often chronicling the lives and behavior of several organisms including the Siberian grasshopper ( Aeropus sibiricus). Although his family was not wealthy, they were allowed these respites because his father, being a government architect, helped to build many structures at the university. As a boy and into his teenage years, Gause and his extended family took summer vacations to the Caucasus Mountains in southern Russia for months at a time. Gause was born December 27, 1910, in Moscow, Russia to parents Frants Gustavovich Gause, a professor of architecture at Moscow State University, and Galina Gause, an industrial worker at an automotive steel plant. Classic of ecology, he would devote most of his later life to the research of antibiotics. Georgy Frantsevich Gause ( Russian: Гео́ргий Фра́нцевич Га́узе Decem– May 2, 1986), was a Soviet and Russian biologist and evolutionist, who proposed the competitive exclusion principle, fundamental to the science of ecology. Not to be confused with Carl Friedrich Gauss. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |